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General Discussion
Parsonage-Turner Syndrome, also known as Brachial Plexus Neuritis or Neuralgic Amyotrophy, is a common condition characterized by inflammation of a network of nerves that control and supply (innervate) the muscles of the chest, shoulders, and arms (brachial plexus). Individuals with the condition first experience a sudden onset of severe pain across the shoulder and upper arm. Within a few hours or days, the muscles of the affected shoulder may be affected by weakness, wasting (atrophy), and paralysis (atrophic paralysis). Although individuals with the condition may experience paralysis of the affected areas for months or, in some cases, years, recovery is usually complete. The exact cause of Parsonage-Turner Syndrome is not known.
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Symptoms
Parsonage-Turner Syndrome, also called Neuralgic Amyotrophy or Brachial Plexus Neuritis, is a common neuromuscular condition. This condition is characterized by the sudden (acute) onset of severe pain across the shoulder and upper arm due to inflammation of the group of nerves supplying (innervating) the muscles of the chest, shoulders, and arms (brachial plexus). In some cases, the pain may radiate down the arm and into the hand.
Within a few hours or days of the condition’s onset, affected individuals may experience muscle weakness, wasting (atrophy), numbness (hyperesthesia), and paralysis of the muscles of the affected shoulder and, in rare cases, muscles of the hand and fingers. In some cases, the condition may affect both sides of the body (bilateral). People with this condition usually recover within a few months although symptoms may sometimes last for a few years. Recovery is usually complete.
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Causes
The exact cause of Parsonage-Turner Syndrome is not known. This disorder may occur following an injection (tetanus, diphtheria or allergy), surgery or infection with Lyme Disease. Some scientists believe that it may be an autoimmune disorder. Autoimmune disorders are caused when the body’s natural defenses against "foreign" or invading organisms (e.g., antibodies) begin to attack healthy tissue for unknown reasons.
Affected Populations
Parsonage-Turner Syndrome can affect anyone, but is seen most often in young adult males.
Related Disorders
Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Parsonage- Turner Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
Peripheral Neuropathy is a syndrome characterized by sensory, motor, reflex and blood vessel (vasomotor) symptoms. These symptoms can occur singly or in any combination. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Peripheral Neuropathy" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
Lyme Disease is a tick-transmitted inflammatory disorder characterized by an early focal lesion, and subsequently a growing red area on the skin (erythema chronicum migrans or ECM). The disorder may be followed weeks later by joint pain resembling arthritis and neurological or heart abnormalities. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Lyme" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
Rheumatoid Arthritis is a common disease that affects the joints. The exact cause is unknown although it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder. It is characterized by a loss of appetite, extreme fatigue and joint pain with deformities. The location of painful joints may change (migration). Very often more than one joint is affected. Pain, early morning stiffness, aching joints chiefly in the hands, knees, feet, jaw and spine occur. Once affected, a joint may remain painful for a long time and eventually become deformed. (For more information on this disorder, choose "Arthritis" as your search term in the Rare Disease Database.)
Standard Therapies
Most patients with Parsonage-Turner Syndrome will recover without any treatment. Physical therapy or surgery may be helpful for some people with this disorder. Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Investigational Therapies
N/A
Organizations related to Parsonage Turner Syndrome
American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association, Inc.
22100 Gratiof Ave
Eastpointe MI 48021-2227
Phone #: 8107763900
800 #: 8005984668
e-mail:
aarda@aol.com
Home page:
http://www.aarda.org/
NIH/National Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Information Clearinghouse
One AMS Circle
Bethesda MD 20892-3675
Phone #: 3014954484
800 #: 9999999999
e-mail: N/A
Home page: N/A