I can't remember where the study is that I read years ago in regards to BPI surgery and chronic pain, but it went something to the effects that if an injured individual had received surgery that was "successful", they had a much better chance of experiencing less pain than those that had no restorative surgeries at all.
FOUND IT...
(Dr. Birch, study author, is one of the top BPI docs out there)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9583755
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"1998 Apr;75(2-3):199-207.Links
Pain following human brachial plexus injury with spinal cord root avulsion and the effect of surgery.
Berman JS, Birch R, Anand P.
Department of Anaesthetics, St. Bartholomew's and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, UK.
Brachial plexus injury leading to spinal cord root avulsion in humans produces a characteristic constant crushing and intermittent shooting pain, which is often intractable. Preliminary observations suggested that this pain might be alleviated after successful nerve transfers to restore limb function. We therefore studied a group of 14 patients prospectively, to establish the validity of this observation, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
We found a strong correlation and temporal relationship between reduction in pain and successful nerve repair. All five patients with motor recovery experienced significant relief of de-afferentation pain, while in the seven patients with persistent pain, none had motor recovery. There was no correlation between pain relief and the minimal recovery of sensation in some cases, and no case had any return of sensory or sympathetic cutaneous axon-reflexes. While skin sympathetic axon-reflexes were reduced with T1 root lesions, there was no relationship between T1 root damage and pain. It was concluded that nerve repair can reduce pain from spinal root avulsions and that the mechanism may involve successful regeneration, and/or restoration of peripheral connections prior to their function, possibly in muscle."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3056648
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"1988 Dec;(237):87-95.Click here to read Links
Occurrence and treatment of pain after brachial plexus injury.
Bruxelle J, Travers V, Thiebaut JB.
Pain Clinic, Hôpital Tarnier, Paris, France.
The occurrence of pain was investigated in 118 patients with posttraumatic brachial plexus injuries (BPI). Ninety-five patients were operated upon by the same surgeon. Three to 14 years after BPI and reconstructive surgery, 91% of the patients experienced permanent pain that was severe in 40% and mild in 51% of cases.
When early reconstructive surgery was successful, a significant decrease in pain occurred more frequently. For 57% of patients with pain, a plurimodal medical treatment with tricyclic antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs, and behavioral therapy efficiently reduced pain. For the patients with unbearable paroxystic pain, when medical treatment failed, the destruction of deafferented dorsal horns at the level of avulsion (Nashold procedure) could produce pain relief. In all cases psychosocial management produced early rehabilitation."