There are a few links worth checking out for the video portion of this technology.
Good enough for Luke Skywalker, it's good enough for me:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J6fqOCg9OVI
Vanderbilts Site on Arm:
http://www.vanderbilt.edu/exploration/s ... icarm.html
Different arm by inventor Dean Kamen, creator of the Segway:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1hzRja9eunY
http://www.medgadget.com/archives/2007/ ... _darp.html
http://medgadget.com/archives/2007/08/m ... hesis.html
====================================
Vanderbilt University scientists are developing an arm prosthesis that is powered by a miniaturized rocket engine. The advantage is stronger action of the artificial muscles, faster movement, and no need for batteries - now we're cooking with gas!
It was the poor power-to-weight ratio of batteries that drove Goldfarb [Michael Goldfarb, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Vanderbilt] to look for alternatives in 2000 while he was working on a previous exoskeleton project for DARPA. He decided to miniaturize the monopropellant rocket motor system that is used for maneuvering in orbit by the space shuttle. His adaptation impressed the Johns Hopkins researchers, so they offered him $2.7 million in research funding to apply this approach to the development of a prosthetic arm.
Goldfarb's power source is about the size of a pencil and contains a special catalyst that causes hydrogen peroxide to burn. When this compound burns, it produces pure steam. The steam is used to open and close a series of valves. The valves are connected to the spring-loaded joints of the prosthesis by belts made of a special monofilament used in appliance handles and aircraft parts. A small sealed canister of hydrogen peroxide that easily fits in the upper arm can provide enough energy to power the device for 18 hours of normal activity.
The first prototype, which took a year to develop, was powered by "cold gas": compressed nitrogen. It allowed the researchers to test the fundamental design and to address the basic problems of control, leakage and noise. The team was happy to discover that they could solve all of the basic problems by designing the valves with the highest precision possible, with clearances of 50 millionths of an inch.
"There are only a handful of machinists who can make valves with this precision. We found one and asked him to make them with the highest precision possible, which is actually higher than he can measure," says Goldfarb. "Normally in projects like this the surprises are unpleasant, but this was a pleasant one. The valves didn't leak, click or hiss!"
After getting the arm working with cold gas, the engineers tore it down and rebuilt it to operate on "hot gas" - steam that is heated to 450 degrees Fahrenheit by the hydrogen peroxide reaction.
The Vanderbilt Arm: Mini Rocket Engine Powered Prosthesis
- Christopher
- Posts: 845
- Joined: Wed Jun 18, 2003 10:09 pm
- Injury Description, Date, extent, surgical intervention etc: Date of Injury: 12/15/02
Level of Injury:
-dominant side C5, C6, & C7 avulsed. C8 & T1 stretched & crushed
BPI Related Surgeries:
-2 Intercostal nerves grafted to Biceps muscle,
-Free-Gracilis muscle transfer to Biceps Region innervated with 2 Intercostal nerves grafts.
-2 Sural nerves harvested from both Calves for nerve grafting.
-Partial Ulnar nerve grafted to Long Triceps.
-Uninjured C7 Hemi-Contralateral cross-over to Deltoid muscle.
-Wrist flexor tendon transfer to middle, ring, & pinky finger extensors.
Surgical medical facility:
Brachial Plexus Clinic at The Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN
(all surgeries successful)
"Do what you can, with what you have, where you are."
~Theodore Roosevelt - Location: Los Angeles, California USA
Re: The Vanderbilt Arm: Mini Rocket Engine Powered Prosthesis
Chris, that's fascinating! As always, many thanks for keeping us updated re what's on the edge.
Take care,
Ellen
Take care,
Ellen